400 km／h动车组车体压力载荷列车参数影响特征研究-《高速铁路技术》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Influence Characteristics of Train Parameters on 400 km/h EMU Carbody Pressure Load

作者:: 徐银光; 王志钧; 魏康; 梅元贵; 李艳; 1. 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司, 成都 610031;
2. 兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通力学应用工程实验室, 兰州 730070

Author(s):: XU Yinguang; WANG Zhijun; WEI Kang; MEI Yuangui; LI Yan; 1. China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610031, China;
2. Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory of Rail Transit Mechanics Application, Lanzhou Jitong University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Keywords:: 400 km/h EMU|tunnel pressure wave|train parameters|one-dimensional fluid flow model

摘要:: 由于空气可压缩性和隧道壁面的限制，列车高速驶入隧道产生的压力波动以近似当地声速的速度在隧道内传播并发生反射，形成了隧道内复杂的压力环境，给列车带来如气动阻力增大、车内人员的耳感不适性等不利影响，甚至会造成侧窗玻璃破裂，车体结构疲劳破坏等。随着列车速度的不断提高，列车能耗、人员舒适性等问题要求的提高，高速列车进入隧道的空气动力学问题日益显著。本文采用一维非定常不等熵流动模型，研究动车组通过隧道时，列车编组长度和速度对车外压力载荷的影响特性，进一步验证了车外压力载荷随列车速度的变化规律，论证了车外压力幅值与列车速度平方成正比的适用条件和范围。本文研究结果可为确定400 km/h动车组车体压力载荷分布范围提供基础数据。

Abstract:: Due to the compressibility of air and the limitation of tunnel wall, the pressure fluctuation caused by trains running into tunnels at a high speed propagates and reflects in the tunnels at a speed approximate to the local sound speed, forming a complex pressure environment in the tunnels, which brings such adverse effects as increased aerodynamic resistance, ear discomfort of passengers in the trains, and even causes breakage of side window glass and fatigue damage of carbody structures. With higher train speeds and higher requirements on train energy consumption and passenger comfort, etc., the aerodynamic issues of high speed trains running into tunnels are increasingly significant. In this paper, the one-dimensional compressible unsteady non-entropy flow model is adopted to study the influence characteristics of different train formation lengths and speeds on the external pressure load when the EMU pass through the tunnels, which further verifies the change rule of the external pressure load with the train speeds, and demonstrates the applicable conditions and scope for external pressure amplitude in direct proportion to the square of train speed. The results can provide basic data for determining the carbody pressure load distribution range of 400 km/h EMU.